Pulotu
Database of Austronesian Religions
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-Austronesian population | Present: Clear evidence of human occupation prior to Austronesian settlement | Bellwood 1995: 109 |
| Christian influence on supernatural belief | No evidence of influence but in a region where contact is likely (No evidence of Christian influence on supernatural belief, but culture is known to have had (or is likely to have had) contact with Christian societies at or prior to the time focus in question.) | Scott 1994: 75, 77-93 |
| Hindu / Buddhist influence on supernatural belief | Evidence of influence (Evidence of Hindu / Buddhist influence on supernatural belief.) | Scott 1994: 78 |
| (Low) contact with other societies (SCCS v 787) | Frequent, through trade, warfare, travel, etc. (e.g. yearly or most years) | Scott 1994: 75, 152 |
| Islamic influence on supernatural belief | No evidence of influence but in a region where contact is likely (No evidence of Islamic influence on supernatural belief, but culture is known to have had (or is likely to have had) contact with Islamic societies at or prior to the time focus in question.) | Scott 1994: 75, 77-93 |
| Distance to closest landmass inhabited by a different culture (km) | 17.6 | Calculator 2014; 2016 |
| Distance to nearest continent (km) | 1388 | Calculator 2014; 2016 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Longitude of culture’s location (°) | 122.4 | Newson 2006 |
| Latitude of culture’s location (°) | 11.2 | Newson 2006 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Number of islands inhabited by culture | Four or more | Newson 2006 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Island type (island with largest culture population or largest island if unknown) | Volcanic high island (an oceanic island of volcanic origin, e.g. Hawaii) | Yumul et al. 2009: 732-733 |
| Island Size (km²) | 11515 | 2018 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Estimate of culture population size at relevant time focus | 385000 | Newson 2006 |
| Importance of Matrilateral descent (V.2) | Medium (Matrilateral descent plays an important role in determining social status and / or group membership, but is not the most important form of descent.) | Scott 1994: 127-146 |
| Importance of Patrilateral descent (V.2) | Medium (Patrilateral descent plays an important role in determining social status and / or group membership, but is not the most important form of descent.) | Scott 1994: 127-146 |
| Polygamy (SCCS 861) | Limited polygyny (< 20% of married males) | Scott 1994: 142 |
| Marital residence (SCCS 69) | Neolocal - separate from kin | Scott 1994: 140-143 |
| Estimated population of largest political community | 1,000-9,999 | Scott 1994: 127-146; Junker 1991: 74, 109-110 |
| Political Authority | Local (encompasses the local community and / or multiple sublocal groups) | Scott 1994: 127-146 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| (No) conflict (social or political) within the local community (SCCS v 767) | High (Conflict is frequent and often violent, but is not a pervasive aspect of daily life.) | Scott 1994: 127-146 |
| (No) internal warfare (between communities of the same society) (SCCS v 773) | Frequent, occurring at least yearly | Scott 1994: 147-157 |
| (No) external warfare (with other societies) (SCCS v 774) | Frequent, occurring at least yearly | Scott 1994: 147-157 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Metalworking | Present | Scott 1994: 54-56 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Animal husbandry as a source of food | Minor | Scott 1994: 46 |
| Land-based hunting performed by individuals | Minor | Scott 1994: 43-44, 47 |
| Land-based gathering | Major | Scott 1994: 35-53 |
| Land-based hunting performed by one or more groups | Minor | Scott 1994: 43-44, 47 |
| Agriculture / Horticulture | Principal (more important than any other source of food) | Scott 1994: 35 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Water-based gathering | Major | Scott 1994: 47 |
| Fishing and water-based hunting performed by one or more groups | Major | Scott 1994: 45-47 |
| Fishing and water-based hunting performed by individuals | Major | Scott 1994: 45-47 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Trade / wage labour as a source of food | Major | Scott 1994: 54-76 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Adoption of a world religion | Present and predominant (At one time or another during the post-contact period, at least 75% of the indigenous population practiced a world religion.) | Hart 1975: 17 |
| Resident missionary involvement in conversion process | Present, and from non-Austronesian societies (Resident foreign missionaries, at least one of whom was from a non-Austronesian society, played an important role in the conversion process.) | Scott 1994: 79-80, 93 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Replacement-level immigration | Absent (Replacement-level immigration did not occur – an immigrant culture was never present in the area, or was present but had a population size less than 10% of that of the indigenous culture.) | 2016 |
| Language shift | Medium (The indigenous language remained an important means of communication for the duration of the post-contact period, but at one time or another the indigenous population used a non-indigenous language to roughly the same extent.) | 2016; Hart 1975: 18 |
| Foreign education systems | High (At one time or another during the post-contact period over 75% of children received some at least a basic non-indigenous education.) | Hart 1975: 18 |
| Foreign government systems | Present, and of high importance (At one time or another during the post-contact period the culture was subject to a foreign government system that controlled most important decisions.) | Lebar (eds.) 1975: 15; Hart 1975: 18 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in means of subsistence | Low (Principal and major means of subsistence have not changed from their indigenous states.) | 2015 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Air travel | Present and long-distance (At one time or another, most members of the culture had access to international air travel.) | 2016; 2019; 2015 |
| Sea port | Present (At one time or another during the post-contact period most members of the culture had access to a sea port.) | 2016; 2019; 2015 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Loss of autonomy during postcontact period | High (On at least one occasion during the post-contact period, the culture came under the political dominance of a foreign power, and this event resulted in considerable loss of autonomy.) | Lebar (eds.) 1975: 15 |
| Nature of loss of autonomy – voluntary vs. forced | Largely involuntary (autonomy was lost largely as a result of external force) | Lebar (eds.) 1975: 15; Hart 1975: 18 |