Question | Response | Source |
---|---|---|
Pre-Austronesian population | Absent: No evidence of human occupation prior to Austronesian settlement | Bellwood 1995: 109 |
Christian influence on supernatural belief | No evidence of influence but in a region where contact is likely (No evidence of Christian influence on supernatural belief, but culture is known to have had (or is likely to have had) contact with Christian societies at or prior to the time focus in question.) | Gunn 1914: 6-7 |
Hindu / Buddhist influence on supernatural belief | No evidence of influence and not in region of known contact (No evidence of Hindu / Buddhist influence on supernatural belief, and culture is unlikely to have had contact with Hindu or Buddhist societies at or prior to to the time focus in question.) | Cribb 2000: 2.21 |
(Low) contact with other societies (SCCS v 787) | Frequent, through trade, warfare, travel, etc. (e.g. yearly or most years) | Capell 1958: 27 |
Islamic influence on supernatural belief | No evidence of influence and not in region of known contact (No evidence of Islamic influence on supernatural belief, and culture is unlikely to have had contact with Islamic societies at or prior to the time focus in question.) | Cribb 2000: 2.23 |
Distance to closest landmass inhabited by a different culture (km) | 24.7 | Calculator 2014; Capell 1958: iii |
Distance to nearest continent (km) | 1837 | Calculator 2014; Capell 1958: iii |
Question | Response | Source |
---|---|---|
Longitude of culture’s location (°) | 170.2 | 2014; Capell 1958: 1 |
Latitude of culture’s location (°) | -19.5 | 2014; Capell 1958: 1 |
Question | Response | Source |
---|---|---|
Number of islands inhabited by culture | Two | Capell 1958: i |
Question | Response | Source |
---|---|---|
Island type (island with largest culture population or largest island if unknown) | Volcanic high island (an oceanic island of volcanic origin, e.g. Hawaii) | Capell 1958: III |
Maximum elevation (meters) | 589 | Capell 1958: III |
Island Size (km²) | 10.7 | 2014 |
Question | Response | Source |
---|---|---|
Estimate of culture population size at relevant time focus | 1000 | McArthur 1981: 22 |
Importance of Matrilateral descent (V.2) | High (Matrilateral descent plays an important role in determining social status and / or group membership, and is more important than any other form of descent.) | Capell 1958: 8 |
Importance of Patrilateral descent (V.2) | Medium (Patrilateral descent plays an important role in determining social status and / or group membership, but is not the most important form of descent.) | Capell 1958: 4, 8 |
Polygamy (SCCS 861) | Limited polygyny (< 20% of married males) | Capell 1958: 20 |
Kinship system (if applicable) | Dravidian | Hage 2001 |
Estimated population of largest political community | 100-999 | McArthur 1967: 22; Capell 1958: 1-3 |
Political Authority | Supralocal (encompasses multiple local groups) | Capell 1958: 4 |
Question | Response | Source |
---|---|---|
(No) conflict (social or political) within the local community (SCCS v 767) | Moderate (Conflict occurs frequently but is seldom violent, or is violent but occurs only occasionally.) | Capell 1958: 31-32 |
(No) internal warfare (between communities of the same society) (SCCS v 773) | Frequent, occurring at least yearly | Capell 1958: 31-33 |
(No) external warfare (with other societies) (SCCS v 774) | Rare or never | Capell 1958: 31-34; Spriggs 1985 |
Question | Response | Source |
---|---|---|
Metalworking | Absent | Bellwood et al. 1975 |
Question | Response | Source |
---|---|---|
Animal husbandry as a source of food | Medium | Capell 1958: 29 |
Land-based hunting performed by individuals | Minor | Capell 1958: 29 |
Land-based gathering | Major | Capell 1958: 29 |
Land-based hunting performed by one or more groups | Minor | Capell 1958: 29 |
Agriculture / Horticulture | Principal (more important than any other source of food) | Capell 1958: 29 |
Question | Response | Source |
---|---|---|
Water-based gathering | Medium | Gunn 1914: 197-198 |
Fishing and water-based hunting performed by one or more groups | Minor | Humphreys 1926: 116; Capell 1958: 24-25; Gunn 1914: 197-198 |
Fishing and water-based hunting performed by individuals | Major | Humphreys 1926: 116; Capell 1958: 24-25, 29; Gunn 1914: 197-198 |
Question | Response | Source |
---|---|---|
Trade / wage labour as a source of food | Absent | Capell 1958: 19-34 |
Question | Response | Source |
---|---|---|
Was a foreign religion adopted through a top-down (those high in the social hierarchy converted first, followed by the general population) or a bottom-up (the general population converted first, followed by those high in the social hierarchy) process? | Primarily a top-down process. | Gunn 1914: 3-6, 12-13 |
Use of force in conversion | Low (most communities adopted the new religion either voluntarily or due to pressure from other communities of the same culture) | Gunn 1914 |
Adoption of a world religion | Present and predominant (At one time or another during the post-contact period, at least 75% of the indigenous population practiced a world religion.) | Gunn 1914: 169 |
Resident missionary involvement in conversion process | Present, and from non-Austronesian societies (Resident foreign missionaries, at least one of whom was from a non-Austronesian society, played an important role in the conversion process.) | Gunn 1914: xv |
Question | Response | Source |
---|---|---|
Replacement-level immigration | Absent (Replacement-level immigration did not occur – an immigrant culture was never present in the area, or was present but had a population size less than 10% of that of the indigenous culture.) | Fitzgerald 2009: 122-123 |
Language shift | Medium (The indigenous language remained an important means of communication for the duration of the post-contact period, but at one time or another the indigenous population used a non-indigenous language to roughly the same extent.) | Fitzgerald 2009: 123 |
Foreign education systems | High (At one time or another during the post-contact period over 75% of children received some at least a basic non-indigenous education.) | Gunn 1914: 159-173 |
Question | Response | Source |
---|---|---|
Changes in means of subsistence | Low (Principal and major means of subsistence have not changed from their indigenous states.) | Fitzgerald 2009: 122 |
Exportation of goods to other cultures | Present but minor (At one time or another exports were part of the local economy, but were never a primary focus of economic activity for more than 10% of the population .) | Fitzgerald 2009: 122 |
Question | Response | Source |
---|---|---|
Vehicles and roads | Absent (At no time during the post-contact period did most members of the culture have access either to roads or motor vehicles.) | Fitzgerald 2009: 122 |
Air travel | Present, local only (At no time during the post-contact period did most members of the culture have access to international air travel, but at one time or another most members of the culture had access to domestic air travel.) | Fitzgerald 2009: 122 |
Sea port | Absent (At no time during the post-contact period did most members of the culture have access to a sea port.) | Agency 2009: 180 |