Pulotu
Database of Austronesian Religions
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-Austronesian population | Present: Clear evidence of human occupation prior to Austronesian settlement | Bellwood 1995: 109 |
| Christian influence on supernatural belief | No evidence of influence but in a region where contact is likely (No evidence of Christian influence on supernatural belief, but culture is known to have had (or is likely to have had) contact with Christian societies at or prior to the time focus in question.) | Collins 1979: 54 |
| Hindu / Buddhist influence on supernatural belief | Evidence of influence (Evidence of Hindu / Buddhist influence on supernatural belief.) | Collins 1979: 54, 311; Raffles 1835: 349 |
| (Low) contact with other societies (SCCS v 787) | Frequent, through trade, warfare, travel, etc. (e.g. yearly or most years) | Collins 1979: 54, 64 |
| Islamic influence on supernatural belief | Evidence of influence (Evidence of Islamic influence on supernatural belief.) | Collins 1979: 54; Raffles 1835: 382 |
| Distance to closest landmass inhabited by a different culture (km) | 0 | Collins 1979: 57-58 |
| Distance to nearest continent (km) | 583.1 | Calculator 2014; Collins 1979: iv |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Longitude of culture’s location (°) | 103.3 | 2014; Collins 1979: iv |
| Latitude of culture’s location (°) | -4.1 | 2014; Collins 1979: iv |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Number of islands inhabited by culture | One | Collins 1979: 57-58 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Island type (island with largest culture population or largest island if unknown) | Continental island (an island situated on a continental shelf, e.g. Taiwan) | Shelf 2016 |
| Maximum elevation (meters) | 3800 | Sumatra 2017 |
| Island Size (km²) | 480793 | Sumatra 2017 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Estimate of culture population size at relevant time focus | 100000 | Jaspan 1972: 35; Andaya 1993: 230 |
| Importance of Matrilateral descent (V.2) | Low (Matrilateral descent plays little or no role in determining social status and / or group membership.) | Bowen 1993: 198; Jaspan 1972: 35 |
| Importance of Patrilateral descent (V.2) | High (Patrilateral descent plays an important role in determining social status and / or group membership, and is more important than any other form of descent.) | Bowen 1993: 198; Jaspan 1972: 35 |
| Marital residence (SCCS 69) | Patrilocal or virilocal - with husband's kin | Jaspan 1972: 35 |
| Estimated population of largest political community | 10,000-99,999 | Collins 1979: 92; Jaspan 1964: 35; Andaya 1993: 230 |
| Political Authority | Supralocal (encompasses multiple local groups) | Collins 1979 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| (No) conflict (social or political) within the local community (SCCS v 767) | Low (Conflict seldom occurs, and is almost never violent.) | Raffles 1835: 349 |
| (No) internal warfare (between communities of the same society) (SCCS v 773) | Occasional, at least every generation | Jaspan 1972: 35 |
| (No) external warfare (with other societies) (SCCS v 774) | Frequent, occurring at least yearly | Collins 1979: 105; Jaspan 1972: 35 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Animal husbandry as a source of food | Minor | Raffles 1835: 377 |
| Land-based gathering | Medium | Collins 1979: 302-306 |
| Agriculture / Horticulture | Principal (more important than any other source of food) | Raffles 1835: 348, 350; Jaspan 1972: 35 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Fishing and water-based hunting performed by one or more groups | Minor | Collins 1979: 302-306, 325 |
| Fishing and water-based hunting performed by individuals | Medium | Collins 1979: 302-306 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Trade / wage labour as a source of food | Medium |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Use of force in conversion | Low (most communities adopted the new religion either voluntarily or due to pressure from other communities of the same culture) | Bowen 1993: 199; Jaspan 1972: 35 |
| Adoption of a world religion | Present and predominant (At one time or another during the post-contact period, at least 75% of the indigenous population practiced a world religion.) | Bowen 1993: 199; Jaspan 1972: 35 |
| Resident missionary involvement in conversion process | Absent (Resident foreign missionaries played no role, or only a minimal role, in the conversion process.) | Jaspan 1972: 35 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Foreign government systems | Present, and of high importance (At one time or another during the post-contact period the culture was subject to a foreign government system that controlled most important decisions.) | Bowen 1993: 197-198 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Exportation of goods to other cultures | Present but minor (At one time or another exports were part of the local economy, but were never a primary focus of economic activity for more than 10% of the population .) | Bowen 1993: 198; Jaspan 1972: 35 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Vehicles and roads | Present and widely used (At one time or another during the post-contact period, motor vehicles were used by a substantial proportion of the population.) | Collins 1979: 275-276 |
| Sea port | Present (At one time or another during the post-contact period most members of the culture had access to a sea port.) | Collins 1979: 63-64 |
| Question | Response | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Loss of autonomy during postcontact period | High (On at least one occasion during the post-contact period, the culture came under the political dominance of a foreign power, and this event resulted in considerable loss of autonomy.) | Bowen 1993: 197-198 |
| Nature of loss of autonomy – voluntary vs. forced | Largely involuntary (autonomy was lost largely as a result of external force) | Collins 1979: 110-111; Bowen 1993: 197-198 |