Aeta

• Traditional Culture (1903)
  • Isolation
    Isolation

    Question	Response	Source
    Pre-Austronesian population	Present: Clear evidence of human occupation prior to Austronesian settlement	Bellwood 1995: 109
    Christian influence on supernatural belief	No evidence of influence but in a region where contact is likely (No evidence of Christian influence on supernatural belief, but culture is known to have had (or is likely to have had) contact with Christian societies at or prior to the time focus in question.)
    Hindu / Buddhist influence on supernatural belief	No evidence of influence and not in region of known contact (No evidence of Hindu / Buddhist influence on supernatural belief, and culture is unlikely to have had contact with Hindu or Buddhist societies at or prior to to the time focus in question.)	Cribb 2000: Map 2.21
    (Low) contact with other societies (SCCS v 787)	Frequent, through trade, warfare, travel, etc. (e.g. yearly or most years)	Reed 1904: 44
    Islamic influence on supernatural belief	No evidence of influence and not in region of known contact (No evidence of Islamic influence on supernatural belief, and culture is unlikely to have had contact with Islamic societies at or prior to the time focus in question.)	Cribb 2000: Map 2.23
    Distance to closest landmass inhabited by a different culture (km)	0	Reed 1904: Plate II
    Distance to nearest continent (km)	902	Reed 1904: Plate II

  • Physical Environment
    Location

    Question	Response	Source
    Longitude of culture’s location (°)	120.4	Reed 1904: Plate II
    Latitude of culture’s location (°)	15.3	Reed 1904: Plate II

    Geographical Range of Culture

    Question	Response	Source
    Number of islands inhabited by culture	One	Reed 1904: Plate II

  • Social Environment
    Social Environment

    Question	Response	Source
    Estimate of culture population size at relevant time focus	6000	Reed 1904: 30-32
    Polygamy (SCCS 861)	Limited polygyny (< 20% of married males)	Reed 1904: 60
    Estimated population of largest political community	100-999	Reed 1904: 30-31, 70
    Political Authority	Supralocal (encompasses multiple local groups)	Reed 1904: 70; Brosius 1983

    Conflict

    Question	Response	Source
    (No) conflict (social or political) within the local community (SCCS v 767)	Low (Conflict seldom occurs, and is almost never violent.)	Reed 1904: 63
    (No) internal warfare (between communities of the same society) (SCCS v 773)	Frequent, occurring at least yearly	Reed 1904: 70
    (No) external warfare (with other societies) (SCCS v 774)	Frequent, occurring at least yearly	Reed 1904: 68-71

  • Subsistence and Economy
    Subsistence and Economy

    Question	Response	Source
    Metalworking	Absent	Reed 1904: 43-44

    Land-based means of subsistence

    Question	Response	Source
    Animal husbandry as a source of food	Absent	Reed 1904: 39-48
    Land-based hunting performed by individuals	Minor	Reed 1904: 44-48
    Land-based gathering	Major	Reed 1904: 40-41
    Land-based hunting performed by one or more groups	Major	Reed 1904: 44-48
    Agriculture / Horticulture	Major (one of the most important sources of food)	Reed 1904: 41, 42

    Water-based means of subsistence

    Question	Response	Source
    Water-based gathering	Absent	Reed 1904: 39-48
    Fishing and water-based hunting performed by one or more groups	Minor	Reed 1904: 48
    Fishing and water-based hunting performed by individuals	Medium	Reed 1904: 48

    Commercial Activity

    Question	Response	Source
    Trade / wage labour as a source of food	Minor	Reed 1904: 43-44